The Concept of Butterfly Effect

 

The Concept of Butterfly Effect

The butterfly effect is the idea that seemingly small, trivial things have large and long-lasting consequences. For example, in 1904, Einstein used to wake up at 7 o’clock and go to his work at 8 o’clock. Suppose, he was unable to wake up at the exact time but a bit late, he woke up at 7:05 a.m. and left his house at 8:15. In a hurry, It may happen that a bus coming from the opposite side happened to hit him, and he would die at the moment. So he won't be able to propose his general theory of relativity in 1905. The same theory of relativity was the base of the idea of semiconductors. It would happen that we conceive the idea of semiconductors much much later. If there are no semiconductors there are no computers, mobile phones, or laptops. Today’s world would be so different that you can imagine. Getting up late a bit only 5 minutes can create chaos that can affect centuries. So we can say that if a butterfly flaps its wings in Brazil, it will cause a tornado in Texas.

History

The butterfly effect is prominently researched by Edward Lorenz. He was a professor of meteorology at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He identified this idea when he was testing a computer system designed to simulate weather patterns. Lorenz repeated simulations but this time he rounded a value from 0.506127 to 0.506. This small change caused huge variations in weather patterns.

Lorenz discussed his finding in his paper, published in 1963, titled:

‘’ Deterministic Non-periodic Flow’’

In 1972, he gave a talk titled: ‘’ Predictability: Does the flap of butterfly’s wings in Brazil set off tornado in Texas.’’ The butterfly effect was the foundation of Choas Theory, a mathematical field that studies how simple systems can behave unpredictably. This challenges scientific ideas proposed by Isaac Newton and Pierre-Simon Laplace, who argued that science can accurately predict future outcomes.

 In Non-Scientific Terms

The idea of the butterfly effect is widely used in non-scientific terms. In 1758, Benjamin Franklin wrote a variation of the 13th or 14th-century proverb ‘’ For want of 

a nail’’. Another example is a science fiction short story ‘’ A Sound of Thunder’’. This story was written by Ray Bradbury in 1952. This short story is about a man who goes on a hunting expedition in the past. To kill a dinosaur for sport, he accidentally stepped on a butterfly. This killing of the butterfly changed the future dramatically. The idea of the butterfly effect is used in Urdu Literature as well.

Magas ko baaġh meñ jaane na diijo

K nāhaq ḳhuun parvāne kā hogā

The perspective of this idea is not to let Honeybees go to the garden for pollination and nectar suction. They will produce honey and beeswax. Humans will use beeswax from bees hive to make candles. When we light the candle, moths will come and perish their lives by burning into the blazing flame of the candle.  

The main idea of this concept is everything is connected. Our petty, trivial actions may affect others dramatically.

Six best habits for building a calm personality

 Six best habits for building a calm personality

A healthy body keeps a healthy mind and likewise, a healthy atmosphere keeps a person calm and successful. We should keep our environment helpful for being successful in every field of life. Here are the ways how we can get our workplace and home to be helpful in success. Positive attitude plays an important role in the life of successful people. Socializing makes an outstanding personality.

1 Organize Things

We should keep our things organized to get peace of mind and reduce stress. Thus our mind will be able to be creative and think more ideas about the solution of problems.

2 Plants and Flowers

By growing the plants in pots where you live or work. Snake plants, jade plants, aloe vera, basil, peace lily, lucky bamboo, areca palm, Boston fern, money plant lavender, etc create positive energy and are helpful for a peaceful mind.

3 Colors, light and textures

The environment around you should be airy, lighted naturally and the textures of your rest area should be soft and cozy.

4 Dietary Habits

Your diet should be balanced including carbs, proteins, and fats. A portion of salad and yogurt should essentially be added. There is an Indian myth that when you go for exams then eating yogurt is a must. Whether it is helpful in success or not, we don't know but a cool and energized stomach is a must. 

5 Relatives and Friends

Relationships with your friends and relatives should not be toxic. Keep fewer expectations from them and try to help the needy. Try to make your relations on sincerity that will keep your mind energized for the solutions to your problems.

6 Meditation

Meditation, prayer and yoga keep the body and soul in a strong relationship. Spend an hour or more for meditation in the early morning for harmony in the whole day's work.

Mystery of Dark Energy: Unveiling the Truth

 

Mystery of Dark Energy: Unveiling the Truth

The universe has always been a mystery and the intriguing nature of humans made him solve the puzzle of this universe. One of these mysteries is Dark Energy. The visible universe (stars, planets, galaxies) is only 5% of the entire universe, the rest of 85% is invisible and we term it Dark Matter and Dark Energy. It is called black not because of its black colour. It is called so because it does not emit and reflect light. How can we find it if we cannot see it?

 

History:

Dark Energy was first observed by Swiss astronomer Fritz Zwicky in the 1930s. He argued that if we consider laws of Gravitation, the structure of galaxies and planets will not exist. But the structure of galaxies and stars still exists. Then, there is something inside and outside that makes the structure of galaxies and stars. He also

argued that the velocity at the edge of the star and the centre of the star is the same but the mass at the edge of the star ( which is visible ) appears small. This gives an idea of unseen matter (Dark Matter) Later, in 1970, Vera Rubins confirmed the idea of Dark matter and Dark energy.

 

 

• Einstein's Hypothesis :

 

The idea of Dark energy was first hypothesized by Albert Einstein in 1917 in his '' General Theory of Relativity ''. But he was too reluctant to introduce it because it was thought the universe was static at that time. He introduced a constant with the Greek expression lambda to counterbalance the effect of gravitational energy. After discovering Hubble's constant, Einstein removed it and declared it his '' Greatest Blunder''.

 

• Evidences :

Following are the direct evidences of Dark Energy:

 

• Quasars

• Supernovae type 1a

• Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation

• Weak Gravitational Lensing

• Red Shift

• The Casimir Effect

• Quantum Fluctuations

• Research:

The research on Dark Energy was stopped in the 1970s. But with the invention of the James Web Telescope and other advancements in the field of Astronomy. Astronomers have started working on this mystery. The information about Dark Energy is important as we can predict the origin of the universe, the movement and structure of stars, the expansion of the universe, the rate of expansion and what is the future of the universe.